Which soil type exhibits high resistance to frost?

Gravel exhibits high resistance to frost due to its composition and structure. The larger particle size of gravel allows for better drainage compared to finer soils such as clay or organic matter. When gravel is wet, it tends to drain moisture quickly, preventing the water from being trapped and freezing within the soil matrix. This characteristic means that gravel does not develop the substantial frost heaving that can occur with other soil types, which can disrupt foundations and structures.

In contrast, clay and organic soils retain moisture more readily, which can lead to significant frost heaving during freeze-thaw cycles. Sand, while it does drain well, lacks the cohesion and density of gravel, making it less capable of resisting frost in comparison to gravel. Therefore, the properties of gravel in terms of particle size and drainage capacity make it the soil type that displays high resistance to frost.